Also, we did not exclude participants with prevalent acromegaly at baseline; acromegaly is associated with higher IGF-I and several diseases [3] but it is very rare (with the prevalence ranging from 85 to 133 cases per million in Europe [50], and estimated to be < 1% in the UK Biobank) and therefore unlikely to have had a large impact on the estimates presented. This evidence concerns the gene IGF1 and acromegaly.