Multiple genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and candidate association studies have identified the association between sequence variants in LOX to both KC risk and CCT, suggesting its potential role in KC pathogenesis.47, 48, 49 Specifically, a particular SNP rs2956549 in LOX has been associated with KC in various ethnicities as well as a meta-analysis.50, 51, 52, 53 Dudakova et al., 2012 reported altered distribution of LOX expression in the corneal stroma of KC patients, with a reduction in total LOX (both LOX and LOXL) protein activity in corneal fibroblasts derived from KC corneas.45 This evidence concerns the gene LOXL3 and keratoconus.