APOB and diabetes mellitus: Hadjadj et al. also found that apoA1 is correlated negatively with DR, while apoB and apoB/apoA1 ratios are correlated positively with DR [68], which is consistent with others, showing that serum apoB and apoB/apoA ratios are the most important risk factors for PDR and CSME [59].In summary, current guidelines suggest that the use of lipid-lowering drugs as adjuvant therapy can control diabetes-related microvascular complications [58, 75].