The chloroform fraction of ethanolic extracts of Nymphaea rubra flowers were reported to increase the GLUT4-mediated glucose transport and insulin signaling cascades in TNF-α-induced insulin resistance in the rat skeletal muscle cells (L6 myotubes) and also decrease Ser307 phosphorylation of IRS-1 by the inhibition of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and nuclear factor-κ [52] supporting its inflammatory property. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Insulin resistance.