PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: For example, PNPLA3 rs738409 GG genotype carriers have a higher risk of developing fatty liver (73%) than non-carriers (20%) but a small increase in the risk of type 2 diabetes (21), whereas a TM6SF2 gene variant is associated with a 2.1-fold increase in the risk of NAFLD and a 40% increase in the incidence of diabetes (19, 22).