SALL4 and cancer: Considering that it is largely considered that ESCs and cancer stem cells share similar metabolic states, SALL4 regulates the activation of several critical signaling pathways in stem cells by upregulating the expression of target genes in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and thus, its powerful regulatory role in cancer stemness might be explained in a similar way (Ma et al., 2006; Jang et al., 2015).