In detail, PBPC-I significantly increased the body mass, spleen index and thymus index of H22-tumor-bearing mice, regulated the serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, and VEGF, leading to the release of tumor-killing cytokines, and thus inhibited tumor growth and promoted tumor cell apoptosis (Chen et al., 2019). Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.