Haney et al. (2013) revealed that EVs contained catalase genetic material, active catalase, and NF-κb, which were released from the transfected macrophages, can efficiently transfer their contents to contiguous neurons resulting in a reduction of inflammation and neuroprotection in a mouse model of PD. The following administered to the PD mice macrophages overexpressing glial-derived GDNF, again with the analog results of improving neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration (Zhao et al., 2014). Here, GDNF is linked to Parkinson disease.