Additional studies are needed to evaluate the performance of existing AKI biomarkers (e.g., urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [42–44], Cystatin C [44–47], SUN [37–40]), as well as next-generation AKI biomarkers [44, 45, 48] in LMIC settings where the etiology and pathophysiology of AKI may differ from high-income settings. This evidence concerns the gene CST3 and acute kidney injury.