As shown in Fig. 3, western blot analysis of the autophagy markers LC3 II and p62 (images on the left) and their subsequent quantification (histograms on the right) revealed a significant increase of LC3 II after exposure to CPZ in all the cells assayed, namely anchorage-dependent GBM cells (Fig. 3 A), neurospheres (Fig. 3B) and RPE-1 non-cancer cells (Fig. 3 C). The gene discussed is SQSTM1; the disease is cancer.