Significant advances in targeted therapies in treatment of metastatic EGFR-positive NSCLC has likely contributed to the improved OS.17,18,19 The dissociation of DFS and OS among patients with EGFR-positive NSCLC is especially relevant when considering whether adjuvant EGFR TKI alters the natural history of EGFR-positive NSCLC or merely delays recurrence, which was alluded to in 2 studies that failed to demonstrate an OS benefit of adjuvant gefitinib vs chemotherapy.20,21. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.