Previous study has shown that cardiomyocyte-specific estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) increases lymphangiogenesis and reduces fibrosis in the female mouse heart after MI [69], indicating that involvement of ERα in the enhancement of lymphangiogenesis may protect female cardiomyocytes from the sequelae of ischemia and contribute to the attenuation of cardiac remodeling. Here, ESR1 is linked to ischemia.