TGFB1 and precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Notably, in a previous in vitro study of the present authors, findings were made that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) could acquire CAF-like phenotype in the B-ALL microenvironment, and the TGF-β was a key factor for MSCs to obtain the CAF-like phenotype, with the latter potentially being a significant component in promoting the migration and invasion of B-ALL cells (Pan et al., 2020).