It was found that RAF inhibitors effectively block MAPK pathway in BRAF V600E cells but activate the MAPK pathway in wild-type BRAF tumours by inducing RAF dimerization and MEK/ERK phosphorylation leading to enhanced tumour growth, suggesting that other strategies to block RAF activation are needed to improve the treatment efficacy (Hatzivassiliou et al., 2010). This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and neoplasm.