IL27 and melanoma: To further assess the effects of IL27 on signaling pathways, we performed GSEA using RNA-seq data of 472 melanoma samples from the TCGA cohort, and obtained 30 positively correlated KEGG pathways (FDR < 0.05, NES > 1; Supplementary Table S4), including natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and apoptosis (Figures 3E, F).