GCK and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Notably, when singleton variants were excluded, half of the associations no longer reached significance including those for GCK pLOF and glucose (p = 0.0015 without singletons versus p = 1.56 × 10–9) and GIGYF1 pLOF and T2D (p = 2.9 × 10–5 without singletons versus p = 6.14 × 10–11) (Supplementary Table 25), demonstrating the power of including singletons in gene-based tests.