CSF1 and gastric cancer: Furthermore, the high co-expression of CSF-1 and CSF-1R was an independent prognostic factor for OS, DFS, lymph node and peritoneal metastasis, indicating that the CSF-1/CSF-1R axis may be a clinically useful prognostic and predictive biomarker for lymph node and peritoneal metastasis and a potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer 16.