VWF and Huntington disease: To support this finding, we additionally measured plasma E-selectin and vWF in HV and HD, and similar findings were also observed: plasma E-selectin and vWF was significantly higher in HD patients compared to HV (25,690 ± 16,881 vs. 14,605 ± 9378 with E-selectin, 14,233 ± 9263 vs. 5245 ± 4378 with vWF) (Supp Fig. 2A) and , HD patients in the Q4 group showed significantly increased plasma E-selectin level compared to those in Q1–3 groups (p = 0.014) (Supp Fig. 2B).