In search of molecules responsible for such anti‐inflammatory effect, intraperitoneal administration of artepillin C, one of the most abundant compounds found in green Brazilian propolis, significantly reduced carrageenan‐induced paw edema in Swiss mice and decreased neutrophil recruitment in carrageenan‐induced peritonitis, proportionally to the decrease in myeloperoxidase activity. This evidence concerns the gene MPO and peritonitis.