INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: The glucose intolerance in these patients is due to: (i) abnormal secretion of insulin from the Langerhans cell islet located in the pancreas and induced by an autoimmune destruction of β-pancreatic cells that causes a lack of the insulin secretion usually called type I diabetes, (ii) resistance of target cells to the action of insulin inducing resistance, denoted as type II diabetes, or (iii) combination of both mechanisms [96, 97].