PARP1 and retinal degeneration: Similarly, a protective role of ADP-ribosylation inhibition has also been described in a model of retinal degeneration, where phosphorylation of ERK was increased, while p-JNK and p-p38 were decreased (as discussed in the “Positive regulation of MAPK signaling by ARTD family members” section) upon PARP inhibitor administration (HO3089)146.