MTOR and acute respiratory distress syndrome: Zeng et al. constructed LPS-induced mouse model of ALI and demonstrated that 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) could reduce the release of the proinflammatory mediators by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway and decrease autophagy flux in ALI mouse via activation of AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway [8].