For example, exosomes containing miR-130 or miR-33 are used to treat IL-4 induced M2 macrophages or TAMs, and the overexpression of miR-130 and miR-33 in exosomes increased the expression of M1 signature genes (IRF5, MCP1, CD80) and secretion of cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), thereby inhibiting tumor progression by transforming M2 to M1 phenotype through in vitro and in vivo analysis (Moradi-Chaleshtori et al., 2021b). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is neoplasm.