GSEA results further showed that gene signatures representing oncogenic signaling and metastasis, such as pathways involved in cancer, TGFβ signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, MAPK signaling, VEGF signaling, and WNT signaling, were all significantly enriched in the patients with higher C3 expression compared to those with lower C3 expression. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is cancer.