In LC patients, 4-1BBL, CD40L, Galectin-3, MICA, and MICB levels were increased whereas BTLA, CD28, CD80, E-cadherin, GITR, HVEM, IDO, and LAG-3 were lower than in controls (data not shown). This evidence concerns the gene CD40LG and laryngotracheoesophageal cleft.