PORCN and cancer: Rao et al. (2019) showed that inhibition of the PORCN sometimes does not phenocopy the loss of specific Wnt molecules in some cancer cells, and both Wnt3a as Wnt4a secretion was PORCN independent. A PORCN-independent Wnt secretion and signaling was also observed in CD8+ T cells (Richards et al., 2014).