reviewed 1166 preoperative CE-T1, T2, and FLAIR neuroimaging of gliomas grading II-IV derived from three centers and developed a CNN-based fully automated model hybridizing conventional MRI that integrated 2D tumor signal intensity and quantitative radiological features from 3D tumor shape and location, which was reproducible and generalizable for noninvasive characterization of IDH status in gliomas (35). The gene discussed is IDH1; the disease is glioma.