CRP and Hematochezia: Thirty-two female participants were assigned into two groups: group NH, meaning chronic radiative proctitis (CRP) patients with no or mild hematochezia (hematochezia frequency < twice per week and/or no fresh blood observed under proctoscope, n = 16); and group H, meaning CRP patients with hematochezia (hematochezia frequency > twice per week and/or fresh blood was found under proctoscope, n = 13) (Table 1).