TNF and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Lv et al. (2020) demonstrated that circ-MMP2 expression in lung adenocarcinoma cells is induced by FOXM1 and that the transcription factor c-FOS could bind to the promoter region of circPVT1 and promote circPVT1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer cells (Li et al., 2018b). Wang et al. (2018) demonstrated that circ-4099 expression in intervertebral disk degradation is regulated by TNF-α-induced GRP78.