A previous study demonstrated that CD11c+ CD8+ T cells increased in number following the challenge of microbes, such as with Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) and malaria parasite (16, 19, 20, 28) in animal models and that this subset contributes to the reduction of viral titers in vivo (28). The gene discussed is ITGAX; the disease is malaria.