N-deacetylation of GlcNAc, for example, occurs in pathogens including various streptococci and Listeria monocytogenes, prevents PG hydrolysis by lysozyme, and helps cells to evade the immune response during infection (Vollmer and Tomasz, 2000; Boneca et al., 2007; Fittipaldi et al., 2008). Here, LYZ is linked to infection.