Cold treatment ameliorated or reduced abnormal expression of ovarian steroidogenic enzymes such as 17-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450, family 19 subfamily a polypeptide 1 (CYP19A1), and steroid 5 alpha-reductase 1 (SRD5A1) in the DHEA-induced PCOS rat model (Figure 3E). This evidence concerns the gene STAR and polycystic ovary syndrome.