Causal mutations are known for 73 of the 91 DBA patients investigated and included RPL35a (n=2), RPL5 (n=17), RPL11 (n=10); RPS26 (n=12), RPS19 (n=31), and RPS17 (n=1) for a total of 29 patients carrying mutations for L protein genes and 44 ones for S protein genes. The gene discussed is RPS19; the disease is Diamond-Blackfan anemia.