TNF and infection: On the other hand, the level of TNF-α and IL-6 was significantly higher in control cells compared to ELMO1 shRNA cells during the infection with WT SL (Figures 4(e)-4 F), and the level of these cytokines was significantly higher in control cells infected with WT SL compared to control cells infected with the sifA mutant (Figures 4(e)-4 F).