PTEN and central nervous system cancer: The PI3K/mTOR is one of the most altered molecular pathways in IDH wild-type glioma, as a consequence of gene function loss such as tumor suppressor PTEN. The use of common PI3K pathway inhibitors (e.g., buparlisib and temsirolimus) has turned out to be challenging in clinical application; insufficient inhibition and unfavorable tolerability were often observed [16].