AVP and congestive heart failure: Elevated levels of copeptin are associated with all-cause mortality in CHF patients [42, 43], and copeptin was found to be a good predictor of increased 90-day mortality particularly in patients with acute heart failure and high levels of copeptin (quartile 4, cutoff: 57 pmol/L, HR: 3.85 p < 0.001) [44].