In regions where dietary iron is not limiting, we predict that variants in the SLC48A1 gene could lead to iron loading in RES macrophages, as has been described for Bantu siderosis or African Iron Overload (AIO) (Walker and Arvidsson, 1950, 1953; Bothwell, 1964; Gordeuk, 2002; Camaschella, 2015; Liu et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene SLC48A1 and African iron overload.