TGFB2 and neoplasm: However, TGF-β2 mainly provokes dormancy during tumor progression, which can drive CSCs and DTCs into quiescence by inducing a low ERK/P38 signal ratio (Goddard et al., 2018; Hen and Barkan, 2020), and conversely, these dormant tumor cells can express abundant TGF-β2 to maintain the dormant state (Johnson et al., 2016; Yumoto et al., 2016).