In murine macrophages, PTX-mediated stimulation of TLR4 not only induced the acquisition of an M1 phenotype, as indicated by the secretion of TNFα and IL-12 but was also able to counteract M2 polarization and to revert melanoma TAMs towards an M1 profile, which in turn caused melanoma regression (132, 133). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is melanoma.