Consistent with the decrease in TUNEL-positive cells in the CR+CM group, relative to the CM group, the cleaved caspase 3 protein expression and caspase 3 activity were also elevated in CIN, which were also attenuated by CR pretreatment (Figures 2(c) and 2(d)). This evidence concerns the gene CASP3 and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.