In addition, phosphoproteins involved in apoptosis (e.g., apoptotic chromatin condensation inducer in the nucleus), T-cell activation (e.g., drebrin-like protein, tyrosine-protein kinase Yes, raftlin), and Th1 differentiation (e.g., semaphorin-4A) were up-regulated in AD. This evidence concerns the gene SEMA4A and Alzheimer disease.