In this review, we summarized the references and presented that as the checkpoint, NLRP3 inflammasome connects innate and adaptive immunity in several autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, and autoimmune thyroid diseases. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and autoimmune thyroid disease.