TGFB1 and polycystic ovary syndrome: In particular, a significant increase in glucose uptake was observed following treatment with 1 ng/ml of TGFβ1 with and without insulin in the myotubes from healthy women (P < 0.001, Figure 2) and 5 ng/ml of TGFβ1 with and without insulin in myotubes from women with PCOS (P < 0.005) (Figure 2).