GSK3B and Cognitive impairment: In this present study, we indicated for the first time that UTE and URE, the two herbal products with similar chemical constituents, could alleviate cognitive impairments via suppressing tau hyperphosphorylation in the STZ-induced AD rats, and the effects are largely attributed to their anti-oxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory activities via Akt (Ser473)/GSK3β (Ser9)-mediated Nrf2 activation (Fig. 8).