Taking out the two patients that developed IBS-like symptoms, we found that the increase in IL-1a and IL-1b were no longer significant (P > 0.1 and P > 0.05, respectively), and IL-4 increase was still not significant (P > 0.1), while the increase in IL-25 was still significant (P < 0.05), suggesting that IBS-like symptoms may influence the concentrations of specific cytokines. Here, IL25 is linked to irritable bowel syndrome.