Consistent with their expression in the nervous system, abnormalities in critical cadherin domains have been previously statistically linked through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to psychiatric disorders, mainly autism spectrum disorder (CDH9/10, CDH5, CDH11), schizophrenia (CDH8, CDH23, CDH12/18), depression (CDH13, CDH18, CDH28) and bipolar disorder (CDH7)42. This evidence concerns the gene CDH11 and bipolar disorder.