Inflammatory mediators are upregulated during AOM/DSS-induced CRC, but Tipe2-/- mice showed lower serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 (Fig. 5F), MCP-1 (Fig. 5G), IL-12 (Fig. 5H), and TNF-α (Fig. 5I). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and infectious otitis media.