PDGFRA and colorectal carcinoma: Many CMS4-related pathways [19] were enriched in young CRC patients, including PDGFRA signaling, positive regulation of cell proliferation by VEGF-activated platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor signaling, cell chemotaxis, regulation of chemotaxis, positive regulation of phospholipase C (PLC) activity, and phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation (Fig. 2d).