PRKDC and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: In other malignancies, including colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, elevated DNA-PKcs protein levels were found to be significantly associated with lymphatic and distant metastasis in the late stage of tumor growth as well as with low differentiation of tumor cells (Fig. 3) [38, 42, 53–55].