Additionally, compared with the immortalized human HK-2 tubular epithelial cell line, NUF2, CDCA3, and KIF14 were significantly higher expressed in ccRCC cell lines (769-P and ACHN) (Figure 6d), suggesting that NUF2, CDCA3, and KIF14 are over-expressed genes and might be biomarkers for ccRCC. This evidence concerns the gene CDCA3 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.